armed forces and other groups, but it was not until 1916, and the signing of an executive order by President Woodrow Wilson, that it was formally designated as such. Throughout the 19th century, “The Star-Spangled Banner” was regarded as the national anthem by most branches of the U.S. Key’s words were later set to the tune of “To Anacreon in Heaven,” a popular English song. Key, an American lawyer, watched the siege while under detainment on a British ship and penned the famous words after observing with awe that Fort McHenry’s flag survived the 1,800-bomb assault.Īfter circulating as a handbill, the patriotic lyrics were published in a Baltimore newspaper on September 20, 1814.
On September 14, 1814, Francis Scott Key composed the lyrics to “The Star-Spangled Banner” after witnessing the massive overnight British bombardment of Fort McHenry in Maryland during the War of 1812.
President Herbert Hoover signs a congressional act making “The Star-Spangled Banner” the official national anthem of the United States.
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